domingo, 29 de diciembre de 2019

Conics intersecting the sides of a triangle

Problem 1. Consider a triangle $ABC$ and a parabola, $P_a$, whose focus is $A$ and directrix, $BC$. Call $C_a$, $B_a$ the intersections of $P_a$ with the sides $AB$, $AC$, respectively. Define $A_b$, $C_b$, $A_c$ and $B_c$ cyclically. Prove that $C_a$, $B_a$, $A_b$, $C_b$, $A_c$ and $B_c$ lie on a conic. 




My proof can be found here and a generalization (by Barry Wolk) here.

The external version.


Problem 2. Consider a triangle, $ABC$, and its Incenter, $I$. A perpendicular line to $AI$ in $I$, cut the sides $AB$, in $A_c$, and $AC$, in $A_b$. Define $B_c$, $B_a$, $C_a$ and $C_b$ cyclically. Prove that $A_c$, $A_b$, $B_c$, $B_a$, $C_a$ and $C_b$ lie on a conic.


My proof (in Spanish) can be found here.

Problem 3. Consider a triangle $ABC$ and its $A$-mixtilinear incircle, $\tau_a$. Call $A_b$ the intersection of $\tau_a$ with the side $BC$ closer to $B$. Define $A_c$ similarly. Construct $B_a$, $B_c$, $C_a$ and $C_b$ cyclically. Prove that $A_b$,  $A_c$, $B_a$, $B_c$, $C_a$ and $C_b$ lie on a conic. 


A proof by Ivan Zelich can be found here.

Problem 4. Let $ABC$ be a triangle and $DEF$ its orthic triangle. Construct a parabola, $P_a$, being $F$ and line $DE$ its focus and directrix, respectively. Prove that this parabola is tagential to sides $AB$, $AC$ and to the altitudes $BD$, $CE$. 


My proof can be found here.

Problem 4-a. Consider the parabola, $P_a$, described in problem 4. Let $A_b$ be the intersection of $P_a$ with the side $BC$ closer to $B$. Define $A_c$ similarly. Construct $B_c$, $B_a$, $C_a$ and $C_b$ cyclically. Prove that  $A_b$, $A_c$, $B_c$, $B_a$, $C_a$ and $C_b$ lie on a conic. 


A proof by Ivan Zelich can be found here.

Problem 4-b. Consider again the parabola, $P_a$ described in problem 4. Call $A'_b$ and $A'_c$ the points of tangency of $P_a$ with the sides $AB$ and $AC$, respectively. Construct $B'_c$, $B'_a$, $C'_a$ and $C'_b$ cyclically. Prove that $A'_b$, $A'_c$, $B'_c$, $B'_a$, $C'_a$ and $C'_b$ lie on a conic.  



Problem 5. Let $O_a$, $O_b$ and $O_c$ be the centers of three congruent circles. Let the line $AB$ be a common tangent line to the circles $O_a$ and $O_b$ farther from $O_c$. Construct lines $BC$ and $AC$ similarly. Let $CO_a$ meet $AB$ in $C_a$. Similarly construct $C_b$. Define $A_b$, $A_c$, $B_c$ and $B_a$ cyclically. Prove that $C_a$, $C_b$, $A_b$, $A_c$, $B_c$ and $B_a$ lie on a circle. (Not proven yet.)



Problem 6. Consider two points, $P$ and $Q$, in the interior of a triangle, $ABC$. Let $\triangle{P_aP_bP_c}$ and $\triangle{Q_aQ_bQ_c}$ be the cevian triangles of $P$ and $Q$, respectively. Construct outwardly semicircles with diameters $BP_a$ and $CQ_a$. Let $A_1$ be the second intersection of semicircle $(BP_a)$ with the circumcircle of $ABC$. Define $A_2$ similarly. Denote $A_b$ the intersection of $AA_1$ and $BC$. Define $A_c$ similarly. Construct $B_c$, $B_a$, $C_a$ and $C_b$ cyclically. Prove that $A_b$, $A_c$, $B_c$, $B_a$, $C_a$ and $C_b$ lie on a conic. (Not proven yet.)



Related material.
Carnot's theorem (conics)
Conics Related To In- and Excircles

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