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miércoles, 20 de mayo de 2020

Another Simple Proof of Johnson's Theorem

Other proofs can be found in cut-the-knot.org. See also Johnson's Three Circles Theorem Revisited and Johnson's theorem proof.

Johnson's theorem: Let three equal circles with centers J_a, J_b, and J_c intersect in a single point H and intersect pairwise in the points A, B, and C. Then the circumcircle of the triangle \triangle{ABC} is congruent to the original three.


Proof. Since \odot{ABH} and \odot{BCH} are congruent and as \angle{BAH} and \angle{BCH} are angles subtended by the same arc, it follows that \angle{BAH}=\angle{BCH}. Analogously, \angle{CAH}=\angle{CBH}. Let O, J_a be the centers of \odot{ABC} and \odot{BCH}, respectively, then

\angle{COB}=2\angle{CAB}=2\angle{CAH}+2\angle{BAH}=2\angle{CBH}+2\angle{BCH}=\angle{BJ_aC}.

It follows that \triangle{BCO} and \triangle{BCJ_a} are similar isosceles triangles sharing a common side, BC, so by ASA we deduce that \triangle{BCO}\cong{\triangle{BCJ_a}}. Consequently, \odot{ABC} is congruent to the original three. 

\square

Note: The point H may cross the side lines of the triangle \triangle{ABC} in points either interior or exterior to the sides. The reasoning in cases other than that considered above requires only minor adjustments.

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