Other proofs by contradiction can be found in cut-the-knot.org (see proof #122) and in Loomis' collection (see proofs # 16/2 and # 32).
Let \triangle{ABC} be a right-triangle with \angle{ACB}=90^\circ. Let D, E and F be the contact points of the incircle with BC, AC and AB, respectively. Also, let AE=AF=x; BD=BF=y; CD=CE=r, where r is the inradius of \triangle{ABC}.
Let \triangle{ABC} be a right-triangle with \angle{ACB}=90^\circ. Let D, E and F be the contact points of the incircle with BC, AC and AB, respectively. Also, let AE=AF=x; BD=BF=y; CD=CE=r, where r is the inradius of \triangle{ABC}.
Assume to the contrary that a^2+b^2>c^2. Then,
(r+y)^2+(x+r)^2>(x+y)^2.
Expanding, collecting like terms and simplifying we get
ry+rx+r^2>xy.
Notice that ry+rx+r^2=r(y+x+r)=rs=\Delta, where \Delta denotes the area of \triangle{ABC} and s its semiperimeter. Moreover, it is well-known that xy=\Delta. So ry+rx+r^2>xy is equivalent to write \Delta>\Delta, which is a contradiction. A similar situation arise if you assume a^2+b^2<c^2.
There is a simple direct proof starting from \Delta=rs and \Delta=xy, can you find it? My sincerest thanks to Andrius Navas and José Hernández for pointing me out this.
There is a simple direct proof starting from \Delta=rs and \Delta=xy, can you find it? My sincerest thanks to Andrius Navas and José Hernández for pointing me out this.
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